Many people struggle with scalp issues, often confusing dry scalp with dandruff.
While both conditions cause flakes and irritation, their causes and treatments differ.
Understanding these differences can help you choose the right solution for a healthier scalp.
What Is dry scalp?
A dry scalp occurs when the skin lacks moisture, leading to tightness, itchiness, and small, white flakes. Common causes include cold weather, harsh shampoos, excessive washing, and dehydration. Since dry skin often affects other parts of the body, those with dry skin conditions like eczema or psoriasis are more prone to dry scalp.
Symptoms of dry scalp:
• Small, white, dry flakes
• Itchy or tight-feeling scalp
• Dryness on other parts of the body
• Flakes that disappear with moisturizing treatments
What is dandruff?
Dandruff, on the other hand, is caused by excess oil and the overgrowth of a yeast-like fungus called Malassezia. This fungus feeds on sebum (natural scalp oils) and causes skin cells to shed rapidly, leading to larger, oily flakes. Dandruff is often linked to conditions like seborrheic dermatitis and can be triggered by stress, hormonal imbalances, or certain hair products.
Symptoms of dandruff:
• Large, oily, yellow or white flakes
• Greasy or red scalp
• Persistent itching
• Flakes that do not go away with moisturizing treatments
How to identify your scalp condition
The easiest way to determine whether you have dry scalp or dandruff is by considering your scalp’s oil levels. If your scalp feels dry and tight, it’s likely dry scalp. If it’s oily with large, greasy flakes, dandruff is the culprit. Another test is applying a light moisturizer—if flakes disappear, it’s dry scalp. If they persist, dandruff is more likely.
Treatment options
• Dry scalp: Use gentle, sulfate-free shampoos, reduce washing frequency, and apply hydrating oils like coconut or jojoba oil.
• Dandruff: Use anti-dandruff shampoos with ingredients like zinc pyrithione, salicylic acid, or ketoconazole to control fungal growth.
By correctly identifying your condition, you can choose the right treatment for a healthier, flake-free scalp.
